In this session of the Organizational Behavior course, Angr Prandi discusses the concept of motivation and its practical applications in the workplace. Motivation is defined as the process that drives the intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward achieving goals, varying across individuals and situations. Key theories covered include Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, McClelland’s need theory, self-determination theory, goal-setting theory, self-efficacy theory, and equity theory, each explaining different factors that influence employee behavior. The session also explores job engagement, job characteristics, and job redesign strategies such as job rotation, enrichment, and relational job design to enhance intrinsic motivation. Additionally, alternative work arrangements like flex time and telecommuting, as well as employee involvement and reward systems—both extrinsic, like merit-based pay and profit sharing, and intrinsic, like recognition programs—are discussed as ways to increase motivation, performance, and satisfaction in organizational settings.